Class Notes on Constitutional Law – Unit II (1st Sem / 3 year LL.B)

Directive Principles of State Policy – Art. 36 – 51

Definition of State – Art. 36

Application of the principles – Art. 37

State to secure a Social order for the Promotion of Welfare of the People – Art. 38

Certain Principles of Policy to be followed by the State – Art. 39

Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid – Art. 39-A

Organization of Village Panchayats – Art. 40

Right to Work, to Education and to Public Assistance in Certain Cases – Art. 41

Provision for Just and Humane Conditions of Work and Maternity Relief – Art. 42

Living Wage, etc., for Workers – Art. 43

Participation of Workers in Management of Industries – Art. 43-A

Uniform Civil Code for the Citizens – Art. 44

Organization of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry – Art 48

Protection and Improvement of Environment and Safeguarding of Forests and Wild Life – Art. 48-A

Protection of Monuments and Places and Objects of National Importance – Art. 49

Separation of Judiciary from Executive / Independence of Judiciary – Art. 50

Promotion of International Peace and Security – Art. 51

The Fundamental Duties – Art. 51-A

President of India, Governor and Council of Ministers

The Executive – The President  and Vice President – Arts. 52-78, 123

The President – Appointment, Removal & Powers of the President – Arts. 52-78, 123

Distinction between the Indian President and the American President

The Election of the President of India – Arts. 54 – 62

The Vice-President – Arts. 63 – 69

The Attorney-General for India – Art. 76

To Aid and Advise the President – the Collective Responsibility / the Council of Ministers – Arts. 74 & 75

Conduct of Government Business – Arts 77 & 78

The Executive – the Governor – Arts. 153 – 167 & 213

The Council of Ministers to Aid and Advise the Governor – Arts. 163 & 164

The Advocate-General for the State – Arts. 165

Parliamentary Government – Art. 79 – 122

The General Provisions relating to Parliament – Arts. 79 – 122

Anti-defection Law / Disqualification of Members – Arts. 101 – 104 & 10th Schedule

Powers, Privileges and Immunities of Parliament and its members – Arts. 105 – 106 and of the State Legislative Assemblies and their members – Arts. 194 – 195

Legislative Procedure of the Parliament – Arts. 107 – 122

Bicameralism